Types of eating disorders

Binge eating disorder

Binge eating disorder, often shortened to BED, is a serious eating disorder that involves recurrent episodes of eating with a sense of loss of control and significant distress. It can affect people of any age, gender, race, body size, or background.

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Learn about binge eating disorder symptoms, risks, and support

Binge eating disorder

What is binge eating disorder?

Binge eating disorder is an eating disorder that involves recurrent binge eating episodes. During a binge, a person may feel unable to stop eating or unable to control what or how much they are eating.

Binge eating disorder is different from bulimia nervosa because it does not regularly include compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, laxative misuse, fasting, or excessive exercise.

Binge eating disorder is not a moral failure, a discipline problem, or proof that someone “just needs more control.” It is a real and treatable eating disorder that can carry significant shame, isolation, and distress.

Understanding the cycle

Binge eating often makes more sense than people realize

Binge eating can be part of a restrict-binge-shame cycle.

Many people with binge eating disorder have a long history of dieting, food rules, weight stigma, food insecurity, trauma, emotional overwhelm, or attempts to “be good” with food.

Restriction can be physical, like skipping meals or not eating enough. It can also be mental, like telling yourself certain foods are forbidden, promising to start over tomorrow, or feeling like eating must be earned.

After a binge, shame may lead to more restriction, avoidance, or self-criticism, which can make the next binge more likely. Recovery often includes consistent nourishment, reducing shame, building coping skills, and learning how to relate to food with less fear.

What to look for

Common signs and symptoms of binge eating disorder

Binge eating disorder symptoms can be behavioral, emotional, physical, social, and relational. A person does not need every sign listed here to deserve support.

Loss of control

Feeling unable to stop

  • Feeling out of control while eating
  • Eating much more than intended
  • Feeling disconnected, numb, or “checked out”
  • Eating past comfortable fullness
Shame

Guilt, secrecy, or distress

  • Eating alone because of embarrassment
  • Hiding food, wrappers, or evidence of eating
  • Feeling guilt, disgust, sadness, or shame afterward
  • Feeling afraid to tell anyone what is happening
Eating patterns

Chaotic or all-or-nothing eating

  • Skipping meals after a binge
  • Trying to “start over” with stricter food rules
  • Eating very little during the day and bingeing later
  • Feeling stuck between control and loss of control
Body image

Body distress and weight cycling

  • Feeling intense distress about body size or shape
  • Frequent dieting or attempts to lose weight
  • Weight cycling or fear of weight change
  • Feeling like recovery is impossible without weight loss
Emotions

Using food to cope

  • Bingeing during stress, loneliness, anger, or sadness
  • Feeling soothed or numb while eating
  • Feeling emotionally overwhelmed before a binge
  • Feeling worse emotionally afterward
Social signs

Avoidance or isolation

  • Avoiding eating around others
  • Canceling plans because of shame or body distress
  • Feeling preoccupied with food availability
  • Withdrawing from relationships or activities
What BED can look like

Binge eating disorder does not have one body type

Binge eating disorder is often incorrectly associated only with people in larger bodies. In reality, people of all body sizes can experience binge eating disorder.

BED can also be missed when people are praised for dieting, told to pursue weight loss, or assumed to need more “discipline” rather than support. Weight stigma can make it harder for people to receive appropriate eating disorder care.

People with binge eating disorder may feel especially stuck because they are often told to restrict, control, or shrink their bodies, even when restriction is one of the things keeping the binge eating cycle going.

Health and wellbeing

Binge eating disorder can affect daily life, health, and emotional safety

Binge eating disorder can impact mental health, relationships, digestion, energy, sleep, body trust, and quality of life. Support should address the whole person, not just eating behaviors.

Mental health

Shame, anxiety, and depression

Binge eating disorder is often associated with significant distress. People may feel isolated, ashamed, anxious, depressed, or afraid that they will never feel peaceful with food.

Body trust

Disconnection from hunger and fullness

Restriction, chaotic eating, stress, and shame can make it harder to recognize or respond to hunger, fullness, satisfaction, and other body cues.

Whole-person care

Health concerns deserve non-stigmatizing care

People with binge eating disorder may also have medical concerns that deserve thoughtful care. Treatment should not rely on shame, blame, or weight stigma as motivators for change.

Getting help

Treatment for binge eating disorder should reduce shame, not increase it

Binge eating disorder treatment may include therapy, nutrition counseling, medical care, psychiatric care when appropriate, support groups, and family or partner support.

Effective care often focuses on regular nourishment, reducing the restrict-binge cycle, understanding triggers, building coping skills, addressing trauma or stress when relevant, and healing body shame.

EDAM’s provider directory can help people in Maine find eating disorder therapists, dietitians, medical providers, treatment programs, and support resources.

Common questions

Binge eating disorder FAQs

These answers are for education only and do not replace medical, mental health, or nutrition care.

What is binge eating disorder?

Binge eating disorder is an eating disorder that involves recurrent episodes of binge eating with a sense of loss of control and distress. It does not regularly include compensatory behaviors like purging.

Is binge eating disorder the same as overeating?

No. Binge eating disorder is not the same as occasionally eating more than planned. BED involves recurring binge episodes, loss of control, distress, and impairment in daily life.

Can someone have binge eating disorder in any body size?

Yes. Binge eating disorder can affect people of all body sizes. Body size does not determine whether someone is struggling or whether they deserve eating disorder treatment.

Does binge eating disorder involve purging?

Binge eating disorder does not regularly include compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, laxative misuse, fasting, or excessive exercise. When binge eating and compensatory behaviors are both present, another diagnosis such as bulimia nervosa may be considered.

When should someone seek help for binge eating disorder?

It is appropriate to seek help when binge eating, food guilt, body distress, dieting, secrecy, or shame starts interfering with health, relationships, daily life, or emotional safety.

Where can I find binge eating disorder treatment in Maine?

EDAM’s provider directory includes eating disorder treatment and support resources available to people in Maine, including therapists, dietitians, medical providers, treatment centers, and virtual care options.

Find support in Maine

You deserve help that does not shame you.

Binge eating disorder often thrives in secrecy, restriction, body shame, and the belief that you should be able to “just stop.” Support is still available.

EDAM can help you learn about treatment options, find providers, ask better questions, and connect with eating disorder resources in Maine.

Next steps

Start with the provider directory

Browse eating disorder providers and treatment resources throughout Maine, including outpatient care, higher levels of care, and virtual options.

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Medical and crisis support

Support pages do not replace individualized care

If you or someone you care about is experiencing severe distress, thoughts of self-harm, inability to eat consistently, rapid changes in health, chest pain, fainting, or concern about immediate safety, seek urgent medical or crisis support.

Eating disorder support pages can be helpful, but they do not replace individualized medical care, therapy, nutrition care, or crisis intervention.